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Astronomy and references

Warrior Worlds is an independent series. These volumes contain astronomy and references; character stories and interpretations are reserved for the author.

Numerical values retain the NASA composite snapshot dated 25 September 2026. Linked studies document source-specific methods and uncertainties. Calculated values, limits and minimum masses are identified. The illustrations do not establish moons, local landscapes or life.

The edited jackets carry the Warrior Worlds identity and its own volume numbering. Jacket artwork is editorial imagery, excluded from planetary scene counts.

PSR B1257+12 c · A Planet Around a Pulsar

The small stellar point and barren horizon are an imagined local view. Pulsar timing establishes the planetary system, but it does not resolve these mountains, predict a visible sky of this brightness or validate the shielding of the pictured structure. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · PSR B1257+12 c · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Konacki & Wolszczan 2003 · dynamical masses
  3. Calculated Value
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

WD 1856+534 b · A Giant Beside a White Dwarf

The broad cloud bands, nearby observing platform and apparent sizes are artistic choices. The atmospheric detections do not provide a resolved weather map, and the image does not choose between competing migration histories. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · WD 1856+534 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Vanderburg et al. 2020 · discovery
  3. MacDonald et al. 2026 · atmosphere and mass constraints
  4. Vanderburg et al. 2020
  5. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

Kepler-453 b · A Planet Orbiting Two Stars

The foreground moon is entirely fictional. The two stellar lights reflect the real binary architecture, but their apparent sizes, separation and simultaneous visibility are not calculated for a specified epoch. No moon or surface ecosystem is established. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · Kepler-453 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Welsh et al. 2015 · circumbinary discovery
  3. Welsh et al. 2015
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

K2-22 b · A Planet Revealed by Dust

The pictured copper tail is an illustration of particulate material, not a resolved image. Its brightness, color, curvature and the remnant’s molten cracks are invented. The observations do not show a stream of individually resolved boulders. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · K2-22 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Sanchis-Ojeda et al. 2015 · disintegrating planet and leading tail
  3. Colón et al. 2018 · variable transits
  4. Adams et al. 2021
  5. Sanchis-Ojeda et al. 2015
  6. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

WASP-107 b · Cloud Chemistry on a Low-Density Giant

The panorama imagines an atmospheric vantage. Its visible colors, local weather, altitude and enclosing structure are fictional. The real giant should not be treated as an exposed rocky landscape at the level of its cloud tops. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · WASP-107 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Dyrek et al. 2023 · silicate clouds and sulfur dioxide
  3. Yee & Vissapragada 2026
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

HD 189733 b · A Blue Giant Seen in Reflected Light

The image’s cobalt swirls, curved limb and nearby platform translate those broad ideas into a fictional view. Individual vortices, viewing altitude and visible brightness have not been reconstructed from the eclipse measurements. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · HD 189733 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. ESA/Hubble 2013 · measured blue optical color
  3. Stassun et al. 2017
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

WASP-12 b · Tides and an Escaping Atmosphere

The artwork deliberately makes tidal elongation and escaping haze easy to see. Their exact strength, color and geometry are not fitted to an observational epoch. The enclosing structure and all nearby activity remain fictional. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · WASP-12 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Li et al. 2010 · tidal deformation model
  3. NASA/Hubble · low optical reflectivity
  4. NASA/Hubble · atmospheric escape
  5. Leonardi et al. 2024
  6. Collins et al. 2017
  7. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

KELT-9 b · Heat That Changes the Chemistry

The pale glowing limb is viewed through an invented protective window. Its filtering and exposure mean that the palette is not a naked-eye color prediction. No ordinary surface, habitable atmosphere or feasible shelter is established by the illustration. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · KELT-9 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. NASA/JPL 2020 · hydrogen dissociation and heat transport
  3. Borsa et al. 2019
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

HIP 65426 b · Direct Light from a Young Giant

The nearby observatory and broad ember-colored disk are fictional. The very small stellar point expresses a wide-orbit setting, but the artwork is neither an infrared detector image nor a calibrated visible-light view. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · HIP 65426 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Carter et al. 2023 · JWST infrared direct imaging
  3. Chauvin et al. 2017
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance

GJ 367 b · Revising an Iron-Rich Planet

The dark ridges, grazing light and protected viewpoint are invented. Neither the bulk density nor the short orbital period establishes this terrain, a breathable atmosphere or the image’s exact stellar position. All depicted life and technology are fictional.

  1. NASA Exoplanet Archive · GJ 367 b · composite snapshot, 25 September 2026
  2. Lee et al. 2026 · revised density and interior models
  3. Lee et al. 2026
  4. Complete measurements, uncertainties & source provenance